Biography of Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq
Abu Bakr is one of the most important Islamic figures. He has firsts, including that he was the first free man to convert to Islam, and the first of the Rightly Guided Caliphs. He was born in Mecca and was the companion of the Prophet - may God bless him and grant him peace - in his migration to Medina.
He was chaste before his conversion to Islam and pious after it. He witnessed all of his conquests with the Prophet - may God bless him and grant him peace. During his caliphate, he fought those withholding zakat and apostates from Islam after the death of the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace. During his reign, the Islamic state expanded northward and the collection of the Qur’an began.
The Birth and Growing Up of Abu Bakr
The Wonderful Companion Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq whose name is Abdullah bin Othman bin Amer bin Amr bin Kaab bin Saad bin Taym bin Murrah bin Kaab bin Luay bin Ghalib Al-Qurashi and he met the Prophet - God bless him and peace be upon him - once in his sixth grandfather and he was nicknamed Abu Bakr.Abu Bakr - God be pleased with him - was born on October 27, 573 AD. in Mecca, two years and months after the birth of the Prophet - God bless him and grant him peace.His father's nickname was Abu Quhafa and he converted to Islam on the day of conquest and the name of his mother was Salma bint Sakhr bin Amer. bin Ka'b. He was a cousin of his father and was nicknamed Umm al-Khair and converted to Islam at an early age.Abu Bakr was nicknamed Al-Siddiq and many stories have been told about the reason for that nickname. It was said that he was given the nickname in pre-Islamic times because of his honesty and it was said that he was nicknamed after Isra and Mi'raj because he was the first to believe the truth of the Prophet, may he bless him and give him peace . It was said that the Prophet, bless him and grant him peace, called him his friend more than once..
He was also nicknamed Al-Atiq, and opinions differ as to the reason for that. It was said that the Prophet - may God’s prayers and peace be upon him - was the one who nicknamed him, because he said, “You are, by God, free from the Fire.” So he was named Atiq, and it was said that he was nicknamed him because of the age of his face, that is, because of his beauty, and it was said that his mother was She did not have a child, so when Abu Bakr was born - may God be pleased with him - she welcomed him into the house and said, “Oh God, this man is free from death, so give him to me.” It was also said that he was given this nickname due to the purity of his lineage and his purity, for which he was criticized.
He was also nicknamed “the Companion” due to scholarly consensus that he is what is meant by “companion” in the noble verse {When he says to his companion, “Do not be sad. Verily, God is with us” Surat Al-Tawbah: Verse 40. He was also nicknamed “the pious”, and it was said that he is what is meant by the Almighty’s saying in the verse “And the most pious will avoid it - he who gives his wealth purified} Surah Al-Layl: Verses 17-18, and he was called Al-Awah because of his fear and mercy.
The description of his face was stated by his daughter, the Mother of the Believers, Aisha - may God be pleased with her - that he was a white, skinny man with light brows. He had prominent facial veins, sunken eyes, a prominent forehead, narrow legs, and a slanted back. He dyed his beard and kept it concealed.
He was raised - may God be pleased with him - in Makah, and he did not leave there except for trade. He was wealthy among his people and loved among them for his honesty, chivalry, and benevolence. He was also respected among their leaders and those who consulted with them, and one of his duties was taking over the blood money and the fines.
Abu Bakr - may God be pleased with him - married 4 women, and they gave birth to 3 males and 3 females. His wives were Qutila bint Abd al-Uzza, the mother of Abdullah, and Asmaa, may God be pleased with them. He had divorced her in pre-Islamic times, and he disagreed about her conversion to Islam.
His Islam and his calling
Al-Sidiq was chaste before his conversion to Islam. He was a merchant who never drank alcohol or prostrated to an idol. He was the first free man to convert to Islam and believe the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace.
He was among those who saw signs of prophecy and even accepted the call of the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, and heard its effects. When he, may God bless him and grant him peace, approached him with the invitation, he converted to Islam from that time on, and the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, never spoke to him anything except that he accepted it immediately.
The Prophet - may God bless him and grant him peace - was very happy with Abu Bakr’s conversion to Islam. Al-Siddiq - may God be pleased with him - was a kind person, and his people loved him for his tolerance and virtue, and they acknowledged that he was the most knowledgeable of them about their lineage and history. When he converted to Islam, he carried the call with the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace.
A selection of the Companions, may God be pleased with them, converted to Islam at the hands of Abu Bakr - may God be pleased with him - among the most prominent of whom were the Rightly Guided Caliph Uthman bin Affan, Al-Zubayr bin Al-Awwam, Talha bin Ubaidullah, Saad bin Abi Waqqas, and Abu Ubaidah bin Al-Jarrah, and they, may God be pleased with them, were among the pillars on which the edifice was built. the invitation to the Islam.
Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq - may God be pleased with him - had firsts that preceded the rest of the Companions. He was the first to convert to Islam, the first to compile the Qur’an, the first to call it a Qur’an, the first preacher to call to God and His Messenger, and he was the first caliph to whom his subjects were required to give, and the first caliph to take a treasury for Muslims.
Abu Bakr's wives and descendants
His wives
Abu Bakr married four women, who gave birth to three boys and three girls, respectively:
Qatila bint Abdul-Uzza bin Saad bin Jaber bin Malik bin Hasal bin Amer bin Luay, and she is the mother of Abdullah and Asma.
Umm Ruman bint Amer bin Awaimer bin Abd Shams bin Attab bin Uthayna bin Subay bin Dahman bin Al Harith bin Ghanam bin Malik bin Kinanah Al-Kinaniya. She is the mother of Aisha and Abdul Rahman. She died in Dhul-Hijjah in the year 4 AH, 5 AH, or 6 AH.
Asma bint Umays bin Ma`d bin al-Harith bin Taym al-Shahraniyya al-Khathamiyya, who is the mother of Muhammad, was the wife of Ja`far bin Abi Talib. When Ja`far was killed, Abu Bakr married her, then he died on her behalf, so Ali bin Abi Talib married her.
Habiba bint Kharijah bin Zaid bin Abi Zuhair Al-Khazrajiyah Al-Ansariyya, and it was said: Malika bint Kharijah, who is the mother of Umm Kulthum.
His offspring
Abu Bakr has six children, three males and three females:
Abdul Rahman bin Abi Bakr, whose mother was Umm Ruman, and he was the brother of Aisha. He died in the year 53 AH, 55 AH, or 56 AH.
Abdullah bin Abi Bakr, whose mother was Qutayla bint Abdul Uzza, and he was Asma’s brother. He was the one who used to bring food and news to the Prophet and his father, Abu Bakr, from the Quraysh while they were in the cave every night. He died at the beginning of Abu Bakr’s caliphate in Shawwal of the year 11 AH.
Muhammad bin Abi Bakr, whose mother is Asma bint Umays, is Abdullah bin Jaafar’s maternal brother, and Yahya bin Ali’s maternal brother.
Asmaa bint Abi Bakr, whose mother was Qutayla bint Abd al-Uzza. She was the wife of Al-Zubayr bin Al-Awwam and the mother of Abdullah bin Al-Zubair. She was nicknamed Dhat Al-Nitaqin.
Aisha bint Abi Bakr, whose mother was Umm Ruman, was the wife of the Prophet Muhammad and the most famous of his wives. She was called Al-Siddiqa, the daughter of Al-Siddiq and the Mother of the Believers, and she was the most beloved of people to the Prophet Muhammad. She died in the year 57 AH or 58 AH on Tuesday night, the seventeenth night before Ramadan, and was buried in Al-Baqi’.
Umm Kulthum bint Abi Bakr, her mother was Habiba bint Kharijah, and she was born after the death of the Prophet Muhammad.
Follow the second part about the caliphate of Abu Bakr and the wars he fought and other issues.
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